Testosterone Wikipedia. Testosterone. Names. IUPAC name8. R,9. S,1. 0R,1. 3S,1. 4S,1. S 1. 7 hydroxy 1. Other names. Androst 4 en 1. Identifiers. Ch. EBIChem. Spider. Drug. Bank. ECHA Info. Card. 10. KEGGUNIIIn. Ch. I1. SC1. 9H2. 8O2c. H,3 1. Ancestry Library Edition Hack. H2,1 2. H3t. 14 ,1. YKey MUMGGOZAMZWBJJ DYKIIFRCSA N YOC4CC2CCH1. CCC3CHOCCCH3CH1. CC2CCCC4. Properties. C1. 9H2. O2. Molar mass. Melting point. Pharmacology. G0. BA0. 3 WHOLicense data. Spouses Ashton Kutcher m. Partners Macaulay Culkin 20022010 Children 2. Helix Studios Taken by Brute Force. Free XXX Porn Tube at dbNaked. The largest network of nude patches and nude mods for all popular games. Instant download and detailed guides on installation for all nude skins. Original Article. Targetable KinaseActivating Lesions in Phlike Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Kathryn G. Roberts, Ph. D., Yongjin Li, Ph. D., Debbie PayneTurner, B. S. High blood pressure. Taking conjugated linoleic acid along with ramipril seems to reduce blood pressure more than ramipril alone in people with uncontrolled high. The best place to get cheats, codes, cheat codes, walkthrough, guide, FAQ, unlockables, tricks, and secrets for PC. Max Payne 2 Blood Models' title='Max Payne 2 Blood Models' />Transdermal gel, cream, solution, patch, by mouth as testosterone undecanoate, in the cheek, intranasal gel, intramuscular injection as esters, subcutaneous pellets. Pharmacokinetics Oral very low due to extensive first pass metabolism9. SHBG and albumin1Liver mainly reduction and conjugation24 hourscitation neededUrine 9. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state at 2. C 7. 7 F, 1. 00 k. Pa. Y verify what is YN Infobox references. Testosterone is the primary malesex hormone and an anabolic steroid. In male humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testis and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. In addition, testosterone is involved in health and well being,3 and the prevention of osteoporosis. Insufficient levels of testosterone in men may lead to abnormalities including frailty and bone loss. Testosterone is also used as a medication to treat male hypogonadism and certain types of breast cancer. Since testosterone levels gradually decrease as men age, synthetic testosterone is sometimes prescribed to older men to counteract this deficiency. Testosterone is a steroid from the androstane class containing a keto and hydroxyl groups at the three and seventeen positions respectively. It is biosynthesized in several steps from cholesterol and is converted in the liver to inactive metabolites. It exerts its action through binding to and activation of the androgen receptor. In humans and most other vertebrates, testosterone is secreted primarily by the testicles of males and, to a lesser extent, the ovaries of females. On average, in adult males, levels of testosterone are about 78 times as great as in adult females. Dvorak Anniversary Edition. As the metabolic consumption of testosterone in males is greater, the daily production is about 2. Females are also more sensitive to the hormone. Physiological effectseditIn general, androgens such as testosterone promote protein synthesis and thus growth of tissues with androgen receptors. Testosterone can be described as having virilising and anabolic effects though these categorical descriptions are somewhat arbitrary, as there is a great deal of mutual overlap between them. Testosterone effects can also be classified by the age of usual occurrence. For postnatal effects in both males and females, these are mostly dependent on the levels and duration of circulating free testosterone. Before birtheditEffects before birth are divided into two categories, classified in relation to the stages of development. The first period occurs between 4 and 6 weeks of the gestation. Examples include genital virilisation such as midline fusion, phallicurethra, scrotal thinning and rugation, and phallic enlargement although the role of testosterone is far smaller than that of dihydrotestosterone. There is also development of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. During the second trimester, androgen level is associated with gender formation. This period affects the femininization or masculinization of the fetus and can be a better predictor of feminine or masculine behaviours such as sex typed behaviour than an adults own levels. A mothers testosterone level during pregnancy is correlated with her daughters sex typical behavior as an adult, and the correlation is even stronger than with the daughters own adult testosterone level. Early infancyeditEarly infancy androgen effects are the least understood. In the first weeks of life for male infants, testosterone levels rise. The levels remain in a pubertal range for a few months, but usually reach the barely detectable levels of childhood by 46 months of age. The function of this rise in humans is unknown. It has been speculated that brain masculinization is occurring since no significant changes have been identified in other parts of the body. The male brain is masculinized by the aromatization of testosterone into estrogen, which crosses the bloodbrain barrier and enters the male brain, whereas female fetuses have fetoprotein, which binds the estrogen so that female brains are not affected. Before pubertyeditBefore puberty effects of rising androgen levels occur in both boys and girls. These include adult type body odor, increased oiliness of skin and hair, acne, pubarche appearance of pubic hair, axillary hair armpit hair, growth spurt, accelerated bone maturation, and facial hair. PubertaleditPubertal effects begin to occur when androgen has been higher than normal adult female levels for months or years. In males, these are usual late pubertal effects, and occur in women after prolonged periods of heightened levels of free testosterone in the blood. The effects include 1. Growth of spermatogenic tissue in testicles, male fertility, penis or clitoris enlargement, increased libido and frequency of erection or clitoral engorgement. Growth of jaw, brow, chin, nose, and remodeling of facial bone contours, in conjunction with human growth hormone. Completion of bone maturation and termination of growth. This occurs indirectly via estradiolmetabolites and hence more gradually in men than women. Increased muscle strength and mass, shoulders become broader and rib cage expands, deepening of voice, growth of the Adams apple. Enlargement of sebaceous glands. This might cause acne, subcutaneous fat in face decreases. Pubic hair extends to thighs and up toward umbilicus, development of facial hair sideburns, beard, moustache, loss of scalp hair androgenetic alopecia, increase in chest hair, periareolar hair, perianal hair, leg hair, armpit hair. Adult testosterone effects are more clearly demonstrable in males than in females, but are likely important to both sexes. Some of these effects may decline as testosterone levels might decrease in the later decades of adult life. Biological functioneditTestosterone is necessary for normal sperm development. It activates genes in Sertoli cells, which promote differentiation of spermatogonia. It regulates acute HPA Hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal axis response under dominance challenge. Androgen including testosterone enhances muscle growth. Testosterone also regulates the population of thromboxane A2 receptors on megakaryocytes and platelets and hence platelet aggregation in humans. Health riskseditTestosterone does not appear to increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. In people who have undergone testosterone deprivation therapy, testosterone increases beyond the castrate level have been shown to increase the rate of spread of an existing prostate cancer. Conflicting results have been obtained concerning the importance of testosterone in maintaining cardiovascular health. Alberobello in Puglia, Capitale dei trulli. Dormire nei trulli, trulli in affitto, bed and breakfast ad Alberobello http www. B B case vacanze prezzi speciali Offerta da Euro. Taxi minibus Bari porto Alberobello AR da 1 a 8 persone euro 1. Alberobello Matera taxi navetta, minubus e auto Matera Alberobello da 1 a 3 persone 7. Importante i nostri mezzi partono da Alberobello, quindi necessario prenotare almeno il giorno prima, per informazioni, preventivi e prenotazioni infoeurotaxipuglia. Nelle diverse aree del portale potrete trovare, tra le altre, anche le seguenti pagine Tutto Alberobello una guida della Capitale dei trulli e sulla sua storia, dove troverete dove dormire nell elenco degli hotel, degli alberghi, bed and breakfast e dei trulli in affitto, dove mangiare nellelenco dei ristoranti e delle pizzerie. Inoltre potrete conoscere i monumenti da visitare, lartigianato, la gastronomia e larte alberobellese. Sono, infine, disponibili tutte le informazioni sui servizi per i turisti, potrete prenotare direttamente online la vostra visita guidata in lingua, e organizzare il vostro soggiorno nella cittAlberobello in dialetto Iarubedd un Comune della collina murgiana della Regione Puglia in provincia di Bari, di circa 1. Unesco nel 1. 99. Valle dItria e si trova in posizione equidistante tra il Mar Adriatico e il Mar Ionio. Sul colle orientale vi la citt nuova con caratteristiche architettoniche moderne, sullaltra sommit, disposta ad occidente, sallineano i Trulli in un agglomerato urbano suddiviso in due Rioni Monti e Aia Piccola, entrambi monumento nazionale. I Trulli sono un esempio architettonico di valore universale, in quanto costituiscono una testimonianza unica, o quantomeno eccezionale, di una civilt o una tradizione culturale scomparsa e offrono un esempio di un tipo di costruzione o di complesso architettonico che illustra un periodo significativo della storia umana. 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